14. Has a thin cotyledon and lacks food materials. The cells are filled with starch grains and lack casparian strips. 10. The zone is traversed by many secondary medullary rays. It is many cells deep. Parenchyma is present below the collenchyma. The key difference between monocot and dicot leaves is that monocot leaves possess a parallel venation while dicot leaves possess a reticulate venation. It has a single layer and formed of colorless cells. 13. It consists of primary phloem, secondary phloem, cambium, secondary xylem, interxylary phloem, primary xylem and intraxylary phloem. This is the key difference between monocot and dicot stem.. Monocot plants and dicots plants possess many differences both structurally and functionally. Vascular bundles are conjoint, collateral, open and endarch……………….. Welcome to BiologyDiscussion! The vascular bundles are surrounded by a sheath. Both have vascular bundles marked with sheath extension, Leaves are differentiated internally into mesophyll, vascular bundles, and epidermis, Both have vascular bundles that are differentiated. 1. Normal Monocot Stems 2. It consists of companion cells, thin-walled cells of phloem parenchyma, and well-developed sieve tubes. 19. Xylem and phloem constitute the vascular bundle. The cells are covered externally by thick cuticle. Monocot leaf is slender and long whereas dicot leaf is broader and comparatively smaller. Just below the pericycle are present the patches of primary phloem. 2. … Stem. It is well-developed, parenchymatous and present in the centre. ADVERTISEMENTS: The below mentioned article provides study notes on Secondary Growth in Dicot Stem of plants. It is circular in outline and reveals the following tissues from outside with-in: 1. If you now take a look at the roots of both the plants and study the root system, you will see that roots differ in a monocot and a dicot. The space between sclerenchyma and the central pith cavity is filled with many thin­walled, parenchymatous cells of ground tissue, in which the vascular bundles remain embedded. Due to the irregular activity of the cambium at certain places, the secondary phloem is formed towards inner side instead of secondary xylem. Internal or intraxylary phloem is the primary structure of the primary bicollateral bundles. Primary structure consists of numerous, scattered vascular bundles which are closed and collateral. The following points highlight the top four types of monocot and dicot stems. 13. Many conjoint, collateral, open and endarch bundles are present in the pith. Key Difference: Monocots and Dicots are both types of flowering plants. Abnormality in Nyctanthes is the presence of cortical bundles, which are inversely oriented, 4 in number and never directly connected with the main axial ring of the vascular cylinder. Conjoint, collateral, open and endarch vascular bundles ………… Stem, 2. 17. Each vascular bundle is conjoint, collateral, closed and endarch. The differences between dicot root and monocot root can only be understood when you have clear information about angiosperms plants. 12. Embryo. Cambium is present in the form of strips on both the sides of the xylem. 8. The dicot stem does not have a bundle sheath on the outside of a vascular bundle. In the later stages the stem shows secondary growth. There are the difference between monocot stem and dicot stem, as well. The information is "AS IS", "WITH ALL FAULTS". Normal Dicotyledonous Stems 4. Each vascular bundle is covered by incomplete, sclerenchymatous bundle sheath. 2. (v) Protoxylem is surrounded by tracheids and xylem parenchyma. Many medullary bundles are also present. Secondary xylem zone consists of xylem vessels, tracheids and xylem parenchyma. 9. Single-layered epiblema consists of barrel- shaped or rounded cells. Many patches of interxylary phloem or included phloem are present in the secondary xylem cylinder. It consists of primary phloem, secondary phloem, cambium, secondary xylem and primary xylem. 20. In monocots stem, the vascular bundles are scattered across the stem without any definite arrangement. 14. Each cortical bundle faces its pointed xylem end towards outer side, i.e. Inner to the endodermis is present parenchymatous pericycle but at some places it is represented by isolated patches of sclerenchyma. Parenchymatous cortex is located below collenchyma and chlorenchyma. Presence of cambium…………………… Dicotyledons. Vascular bundles are conjoint, bicollateral, open and endarch. Secondary phloem is present inner to the primary phloem. Take time to read through for a deeper understanding of the anatomy of monocot and dicot leaf ppt. (iv) Protoxylem is present at the lower arm of’ Y’, consisting of two small vessels. These bundles get embedded in the thick prosenchyma and their phloem appears as included or interxylary phloem. Many groups of secondary phloem are embedded in the region of secondary xylem and called interxylary phloem or included phloem. 16. Whereas, a dicot will grow two leaves as its seed contains two cotyledons. The continuity of the layer is broken by few stomata. Dicot Root vs. Monocot Root Sometimes they develop chlorophyll. What about the different colored flowers? 5. In the young stem are present many vascular bundles arranged in ring. Before sharing your knowledge on this site, please read the following pages: 1. Monocot leaves have bulliform cells on upper epidermis, whereas in dicot leaves bulliform is absent. While on the contrary, monocot root contain xylem and phloem in an alternate manner, forming a circle. It is thin-walled and parenchymatous. The region extends upto the vascular tissues. 8. Monocot vs Dicot Roots . Vascular bundles are conjoint, collateral and endarch. T.S. It is the underground part of a plant, which has an important role in plant life. ADVERTISEMENTS: 3. It consists of hypodermis, chlorenchyma and endodermis. Besides that, the cuticle appears uniformly both on the upper and lower side. Pea, beans, peanuts, tomato, brinjal, oak leaf, etc. Cork consists of rectangular and dead cells. of the material shows following tissues from outside within: It is circular in outline with a well-defined epidermis, hypodermis, ground tissue and many scattered vascular bundles (Fig. Xylem consists of vessels and tracheids. Stem. Primary bundles are large and collateral whereas these secondary bundles are small and amphivasal. Disclaimer Copyright, Share Your Knowledge It consists of thin-walled, rectangular cells arranged in radial rows. 8. The cells lack characteristic casparian strips. (iii) The outer parts of the phloem, which is broken and disorganized, is called protophloem. 10. Monocot Stem with Secondary Thickenings 3. 7. The leaves have double epidermis on either side. Difference between Dicot and Monocot Roots, Stems . Tracheids and vessels are also present. Monocot and Dicot Roots: Type # 2. 2. Well-defined pith……………………… Dicotyledons. Cambium develops secondarily from the pericycle and becomes active. This phloem is the included phloem. The cells lack casparian strips. The most wonderful thing is that the upper epidermis has a thick cuticle while the lower epidermis has a thin cuticle. These bundles may show secondary growth at maturity. 16. Well-differentiated cortex and well-developed pith. Chlorenchymatous cells are thin-walled, oval, full of chloroplasts and enclose many intercellular spaces. Large xylem vessels are very clear in thick-walled conjunctive tissue. One is called monocotyledons or monocot and the other is called dicotyledons or dicot. Root is one of the significant structures of a sporophyte of a vascular plant. 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