Brest (French pronunciation: (); Breton pronunciation: ) is a port city in the Finistère département in Brittany.Located in a sheltered bay not far from the western tip of the peninsula, and the western extremity of metropolitan France, Brest is an important harbour and the second French military port after Toulon.The city is located on the western edge of continental Europe. [62], 51.9% of the poll respondents agreed that Brittany should have more political power, and 31.1% thought that it should stay the same. The region became part of the Roman Republic in 51 BC. Catholic religion has started to decline after the Second World War, during the urbanisation of Brittany. Major churches include Saint-Pol-de-Léon Cathedral, Tréguier Cathedral, Dol Cathedral, Nantes Cathedral and the Kreisker chapel. The Museum of Brittany, located in Rennes, was founded in 1856. The Saint-Brieuc – Armor airport serves flights between Brittany and the Channel Islands. Brittany is widely known for the Breton horse, a local breed of draft horse, and for the Brittany gun dog. Most of these birds breed on isolated islands and rocks and thus are hard to observe. The beurre blanc sauce, invented in Saint-Julien-de-Concelles, close to Nantes, is often served with fish. Nevertheless, Brittany retained its cultural distinctiveness, and a new cultural revival emerged during the 1960s and 1970s. At that time, local writers started to collect and publish local tales and legends and wrote original works. The Armoricans supplied archers who attacked the Huns' front lines during the main battle and thwarted Attila's night assault on the Roman camp with a hail of arrows "like rain". The Boule bretonne is related to pétanque. However, the areas around Saint-Nazaire and Lorient only surrendered on 10 and 11 May 1945, several days after the German capitulation. Changes in sea levels and climate led to a strong erosion and to the formation of more sedimentary rocks. In 1851, Brittany had around 2.7 million inhabitants and the demographic growth stayed low until the second half of the 20th century, mainly because of an important emigration. Both arose from attempts to resist centralisation and assert Breton constitutional exceptions to tax.[28]. The pancake is found everywhere, with fillings you would never think could exist (and maybe some of them should not). Some Pardons are reputed for their length, and they all finish by large meals and popular feasts. L. By Lamax. Nevertheless, until the 1960s Breton was spoken or understood by many of the inhabitants of western Brittany. Clisson, the southernmost Breton town, was rebuilt in an Italian Romantic style around 1820. The leading artists of that period were the designer René-Yves Creston, the illustrators Jeanne Malivel and Xavier Haas, and the sculptors Raffig Tullou, Francis Renaud, Georges Robin, Joseph Savina, Jules-Charles Le Bozec and Jean Fréour. Brittany also lost all its privileges. Nantes is linked to Paris by the A11 autoroute, and Rennes is both on the A81 autoroute to Paris and the A84 autoroute to Caen. They're stunning.Â. They replaced or absorbed the Neanderthals and developed local industries, similar to the Châtelperronian or to the Magdalenian. (In Breton and French, however, Gwened or Vannetais continued the name of the indigenous Veneti.) Two significant revolts occurred in the 17th and 18th centuries: the Revolt of the papier timbré (1675) and the Pontcallec conspiracy (1719). The arrondissements are further divided in cantons, which are themselves made up of one or several communes. Before them, Brittany had also been visited by Academic and Romantic painters like Jean Antoine Théodore de Gudin and Jules Achille Noël who were looking for dramatic seascapes and storms. [73] Breton cider is traditionally served in a bowl or a cup. Scholars such as Léon Fleuriot have suggested a two-wave model of migration from Britain which saw the emergence of an independent Breton people and established the dominance of the Brythonic Breton language in Armorica. Brittany had mixed fortunes in the 19th century when the industrialization of France and the mechanization of agriculture drove many Bretons out of the region to the cities for work. Stronger alcohols include the chouchen, a sort of mead made with wild honey, and an apple eau de vie called lambig. The historical Breton dioceses were: During the French Revolution, four dioceses were suppressed and the five remaining ones were modified to have the same administrative borders as the départements. The history behind such an establishment is unclear, but medieval Breton, Angevin and Welsh sources connect it to a figure known as Conan Meriadoc. Its French art collection gathers works by Georges de La Tour, François Boucher, Paul Gauguin, Auguste Rodin, Camille Corot and Robert Delaunay. In 2002, the Tro Breizh included a special pilgrimage to Wales, symbolically making the reverse journey of the Welshmen Sant Paol, Sant Brieg, and Sant Samzun. Welsh literary sources assert that Conan came to Armorica on the orders of the Roman usurper Magnus Maximus,[a] who sent some of his British troops to Gaul to enforce his claims and settled them in Armorica. The region has a great number of baroque retables, made between the 17th and the 19th century. Primary Breton identity is at its lowest among the respondents over 65: 58% consider themselves to belong first to France, with European identify secondary. The kingdom lost its eastern territories, including Normandy and Anjou, and the county of Nantes was given to Fulk I of Anjou in 909. 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