DEP is also used in fragranced products to help the scent stay on longer. [28] Gray LE, et al., Chronic di-n-butyl phthalate exposure in rats reduces fertility and alters ovarian function during pregnancy in female Long Evans hooded rats. August 18, 2014. August 18, 2014. Available online: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21594692 August 14, 2014. Abstract Available online: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16326419. https://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/iris2/chemicalLanding.cfm?substance_nmbr=14. BHA (Beta Hydroxy Acid) Retinol. Human and Experimental Toxicology, vol. & Hanke W., Exposure to phthalates: reproductive outcome and children health. Currently, potential links to obesity and metabolic issues are being investigated. [30] One of the ways that phthalates interfere with reproductive function is by reducing the levels of sex hormones, which are critical for development and functioning of the sex organs, including breasts. But such labels remain to be seen, even though 99 percent of cosmetics contain one or more untested ingredients. It has been very difficult, however, to determine the minimum level of exposure when these problems arise. [3] European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). [40] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 3, pp 331-338, 2002. A petroleum by-product that coats the skin like plastic, clogging its pores. Sodium lauryl sulphate/ sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) This is a versatile ingredient, and it consists of … Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. Available online: http://echa.europa.eu/web/guest/candidate-list-table August 13, 2014. [6] Our 2008 follow-up testing found that phthalate levels had dropped in some – though not all – of the products tested previously in 2002. [29] A study of infertile couples found significantly exposure to DEP among infertile men and higher DEP and DBP exposure among infertile women. Of the samples tested, only four had phthalate levels above the reporting limit – the majority (26 out of 30) had no detectable phthalate … [6] Our 2008 follow-up testing found that phthalate levels had dropped in some – though not all – of the products tested previously in 2002. Phthalates. [5] Many of these chemicals are rarely used in personal care products and will be easy to replace. Toxicological Science, vol. [7], Phthalates are commonly found in human urine samples. Abstract Available online: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22197707. HOW TO AVOID: Read the labels on nail products, and choose options that do not contain DBP. Available online: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1367843/pdf/ehp0114-000270.pdf. By Zoe Dubs. Available online: http://toxsci.oxfordjournals.org/content/93/1/189.full.pdf+html. © 2020 Campaign for Safe Cosmetics, a project of, https://echa.europa.eu/documents/10162/13641/dbp_echa_review_report_2010_6_en.pdf, https://echa.europa.eu/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.003.829, https://www.byrdie.com/free-nail-polish-14-brands-worth-your-money-346730, https://static.ewg.org/reports/2002/NotTooPretty.pdf?_ga=2.79541012.1878150350.1597799880-1583975922.1597799880, http://www.safecosmetics.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/A-Little-Prettier.pdf, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1241863/pdf/ehp0112-000331.pdf, https://www.cdc.gov/exposurereport/pdf/FourthReport_UpdatedTables_Sep2013.pdf, http://ec.europa.eu/environment/archives/docum/pdf/bkh_annex_13.pdf, http://endocrinedisruption.org/popup-chemical-details?chemid=527, http://endocrinedisruption.org/popup-chemical-details?chemid=505, http://endocrinedisruption.org/popup-chemical-details?chemid=510, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1280349/pdf/ehp0113-001056.pdf, https://www.bcpp.org/resource/phthalates/, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1367843/pdf/ehp0114-000270.pdf, http://echa.europa.eu/web/guest/candidate-list-table, http://humrep.oxfordjournals.org/content/22/3/688.full.pdf+html, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21594692, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19235623, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20551087. 223, pp 144-155, 2006. None of the 72 products tested had phthalates listed on the labels. Available online: http://endocrinedisruption.org/popup-chemical-details?chemid=510 August 13, 2014. Available online: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1519124/pdf/envhper00355-0058.pdf. [10], HEALTH CONCERNS: Endocrine disruption, developmental and reproductive toxicity, cancer MORE... [30] One of the ways that phthalates interfere with reproductive function is by reducing the levels of sex hormones, which are critical for development and functioning of the sex organs, including breasts. August 18, 2014. Phthalates are a group of chemicals used to make products more liquid and less dry. August 18, 2014. More studies associated phthalates breast cancer and with hormonal disruptions in young girls and women. [16] Breast Cancer Prevention Partners Glossary of Exposures: https://www.bcpp.org/resource/phthalates/, [17] Swan SH, et al., Decrease in Anogenital Distance among Male Infants with Prenatal Phthalate Exposure. [6] Houlihan J, Brody C, Schwan B (2002). Two decades of research suggest that phthalates disrupt hormones, which can lead to harm during critical periods of development. 6, pp 507-14, 2010. August 18, 2014. A review of epidemiological studies. Abstract Available Online: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20551087. Phthalates. [35] U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Phthalates work as softeners in personal care products such as cosmetics and shampoo, as well as flexible plastics like children’s toys. Meanwhile, the industry-backed American Chemistry Council asserts, “There is no reliable evidence that any phthalate has ever caused a health problem for a human from its intended use.” The group accuses organizations of “cherry-picking” results “showing impacts on test animals to create unwarranted concern about these products.”. Shown to damage the liver, kidneys, lungs and reproductive systems in animal studies, phthalates can be absorbed through the skin or inhaled. FOUND IN: Color cosmetics, fragranced lotions, body washes and hair care products, nail polish and treatment, WHAT TO LOOK FOR ON THE LABEL:  phthalate, DEP, DBP, DEHP and fragrance, WHAT ARE PHTHALATES? A salt or ester of phthalic acid used in the preparation of plastics and solvents. Available online: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1280349/pdf/ehp0113-001056.pdf. Phthalates. 213, pp 15-20, 2012. [34],[35] DBP has been shown to cause proliferation of breast tumor cells and to make anti-estrogen treatments, such as tamoxifen, less effective against tumors. [36],[37]  Both DEHP and DBP appear to have weak estrogenic effects. [15],[16]Shorter ano-genital distance is characteristic of female sex in both humans and animals. Available online: http://www.safecosmetics.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/A-Little-Prettier.pdf August 18, 2014. [11] European Commission. They are often included in … Developmental and reproductive toxicity: The European Chemicals Agency classifies DEHP[19] and DBP[20] as reproductive toxicants. [14] The Endocrine Disruption Exchange (TEDX). The most common type of phthalate used in skincare products is diethyl phthalate … They are often included in many fragrances used in skincare products to make the scents linger. Available online: http://humrep.oxfordjournals.org/content/22/3/688.full.pdf+html. Phthalates are commonly found in human urine samples. Available online: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/archives/docum/pdf/bkh_annex_13.pdf August 13, 2014. Available online: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21594692 August 14, 2014. 4, pp 377-84, 2014. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24228746/. Environmental Health Perspectives, vol. 18-19. http://toxsci.oxfordjournals.org/content/93/1/189.full.pdf+html, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22197707, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16690193, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16326419, http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/roc/twelfth/roc12.pdf. Phthalates (US: / ˈ θ æ l eɪ t s /, UK: / ˈ θ ɑː l eɪ t s /), or phthalate esters, are esters of phthalic acid.They are mainly used as plasticizers, i.e., substances added to plastics to increase their flexibility, transparency, durability, and longevity. [40], Endocrine disruption: The European commission has determined that there is sufficient evidence that DBP and DEHP leads to endocrine disruption in living organism. 93, no. 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